2/19/2018 0 Comments Acts Of Violence [2018]>3000 Violence is defined by the as 'the intentional use of physical force or, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation,' although the group acknowledges that the inclusion of 'the use of power' in its definition expands on the conventional understanding of the word. This definition involves intentionality with the committing of the act itself, irrespective of the outcome it produces. However, generally, anything that is excited in an injurious or damaging way may be described as violent even if not meant to be violence (by a person and against a person). Globally, violence resulted in the deaths of an estimated 1.28 million people in 2013 up from 1.13 million in 1990. Of the deaths in 2013, roughly 842,000 were attributed to self-harm (), 405,000 to interpersonal violence, and 31,000 to collective violence () and legal intervention. In Africa, out of every 100,000 people, each year an estimated 60.9 die a violent death. Corlin, past president of the said: 'The United States leads the world—in the rate at which its children die from firearms.' Acts of Violence 2018. DVD Act of Violence / Mystery Street / Crime Wave / Decoy / Illegal. Best of Backyard Wrestling 4 Random Acts of Violence 1000. Act Of Violence lives up to its no-fooling-around title with a grim, exciting melodrama. Van Heflin is Frank Enley, a World War II veteran who has survived and been. A man and his ex-military brothers must save his kidnapped fiancee from human traffickers. Trailer for Acts of Violence, starring Cole Hauser, Bruce Willis, Shawn Ashmore and Ashton Holmes. Three Midwestern brothers, a crime lord, and an incorruptible cop. He concluded: 'Gun violence is a threat to the public health of our country.' For each single death due to violence, there are dozens of hospitalizations, hundreds of emergency department visits, and thousands of doctors' appointments. Furthermore, violence often has lifelong consequences for physical and mental health and social functioning and can slow economic and social development. In 2013, assault by was the leading cause of death due to interpersonal violence, with 180,000 such deaths estimated to have occurred. The same year, assault by sharp object resulted in roughly 114,000 deaths, with a remaining 110,000 deaths from personal violence being attributed to other causes. Violence in many forms is preventable. There is a strong relationship between levels of violence and modifiable factors such as, income and gender inequality, the harmful use of alcohol, and the absence of safe, stable, and nurturing relationships between children and parents. Strategies addressing the underlying causes of violence can be effective in preventing violence. Typology of violence Violence can be divided into three broad categories: • self-directed violence • interpersonal violence • collective violence Violent acts can be: • physical • sexual • psychological • emotional This initial categorization differentiates between violence a person inflicts upon himself or herself, violence inflicted by another individual or by a small group of individuals, and violence inflicted by larger groups such as states, organized political groups, militia groups and terrorist organizations. These three broad categories are each divided further to reflect more specific types of violence. Violence is primarily classified as either instrumental or reactive / hostile. Self-directed violence [ ] Self-directed violence is subdivided into suicidal behaviour and. The former includes, – also called or deliberate self-injury in some countries – and completed suicides. Self-abuse, in contrast, includes acts such as. Collective violence [ ]. Of civilians during, 1939 Collective violence is subdivided into and. Unlike the other two broad categories, the subcategories of collective violence suggest possible motives for violence committed by larger groups of individuals or by states. Collective violence that is committed to advance a particular social agenda includes, for example, crimes of hate committed by organized groups, terrorist acts and mob violence. Political violence includes war and related violent conflicts, state violence and similar acts carried out by larger groups. Economic violence includes attacks by larger groups motivated by economic gain – such as attacks carried out with the purpose of disrupting economic activity, denying access to essential services, or creating economic division and fragmentation. Clearly, acts committed by larger groups can have multiple motives. This typology, while imperfect and far from being universally accepted, does provide a useful framework for understanding the complex patterns of violence taking place around the world, as well as violence in the everyday lives of individuals, families and communities. It also overcomes many of the limitations of other typologies by capturing the nature of violent acts, the relevance of the setting, the relationship between the perpetrator and the victim, and – in the case of collective violence – possible motivations for the violence. However, in both research and practice, the dividing lines between the different types of violence are not always so clear. State violence also involves upholding, forms of violence of a structural nature, such as poverty, through dismantling welfare, creating strict policies such as 'welfare to work', in order to cause further stimulation and disadvantage Poverty as a form of violence may involve oppressive policies that specifically target minority or low socio-economic groups. The 'war on drugs', for example, rather than increasing the health and well-being of at risk demographics, most often results in violence committed against these vulnerable demographics through incarceration, stigmatization and police brutality Warfare [ ]. A United States armoured car in Paris during World War II War is a state of prolonged violent large-scale conflict involving two or more groups of people, usually under the auspices of government. It is the most extreme form of collective violence. War is fought as a means of resolving territorial and other conflicts, as to conquer territory or loot resources, in national or liberation, or to suppress attempts of part of the nation to from it. We know also ideological, religious and revolutionary wars. Since the, the lethality of modern warfare has grown. Were over 40 million and were over 70 million. Non-physical [ ] Violence includes those acts that result from a power relationship, including threats and, or acts of omission. Such non-physical violence has a broad range of outcomes – including psychological harm, deprivation and maldevelopment. Violence may not necessarily result in injury or death, but nonetheless poses a substantial burden on individuals, families, communities and health care systems worldwide. Many forms of violence against women, children and the elderly, for instance, can result in physical, psychological and social problems that do not necessarily lead to injury, disability or death. These consequences can be immediate, as well as latent, and can last for years after the initial abuse. Defining outcomes solely in terms of injury or death thus limits the understanding of the full impact of violence. Interpersonal violence [ ]. 227-878 Interpersonal violence is divided into two subcategories: Family and – that is, violence largely between family members and intimate partners, usually, though not exclusively, taking place in the home. Community violence – violence between individuals who are unrelated, and who may or may not know each other, generally taking place outside the home. The former group includes forms of violence such as, intimate partner violence and. The latter includes youth violence, random acts of violence, or by strangers, and violence in institutional settings such as schools, workplaces, prisons and nursing homes. When interpersonal violence occurs in families, its psychological consequences can affect parents, children, and their relationship in the short- and long-terms. Child maltreatment [ ]. Main article: Child maltreatment is the abuse and neglect that occurs to children under 18 years of age. It includes all types of physical and/or emotional ill-treatment,,, and commercial or other, which results in actual or potential harm to the child’s health, survival, development or dignity in the context of a relationship of responsibility, trust, or power. Exposure to intimate partner violence is also sometimes included as a form of child maltreatment. Child maltreatment is a global problem with serious lifelong consequences, which is, however, complex and difficult to study. There are no reliable global estimates for the prevalence of child maltreatment. Data for many countries, especially low- and middle-income countries, are lacking. Current estimates vary widely depending on the country and the method of research used. Approximately 20% of women and 5–10% of men report being sexually abused as children, while 25–50% of all children report being physically abused. Consequences of child maltreatment include impaired lifelong physical and mental health, and social and occupational functioning (e.g. School, job, and relationship difficulties). These can ultimately slow a country's economic and social development. Preventing child maltreatment before it starts is possible and requires a multisectoral approach. Effective prevention programmes support parents and teach positive parenting skills. Ongoing care of children and families can reduce the risk of maltreatment reoccurring and can minimize its consequences. Youth violence [ ]. The memorial featuring hundreds of simple stone blocks, one for each child killed by violence in Following the World Health Organization, youth are defined as people between the ages of 10 and 29 years. Youth violence refers to violence occurring between youths, and includes acts that range from and physical fighting, through more severe sexual and physical assault to homicide. Worldwide some 250,000 homicides occur among youth 10–29 years of age each year, which is 41% of the total number of homicides globally each year ('Global Burden of Disease', World Health Organization, 2008). For each young person killed, 20-40 more sustain injuries requiring hospital treatment. Youth violence has a serious, often lifelong, impact on a person's psychological and social functioning. Youth violence greatly increases the costs of health, welfare and criminal justice services; reduces productivity; decreases the value of property; and generally undermines the fabric of society. Prevention programmes shown to be effective or to have promise in reducing youth violence include life skills and social development programmes designed to help children and adolescents manage anger, resolve conflict, and develop the necessary social skills to solve problems; schools-based anti-bullying prevention programmes; and programmes to reduce access to alcohol, illegal drugs and guns. Also, given significant neighbourhood effects on youth violence, interventions involving relocating families to less poor environments have shown promising results. Similarly, urban renewal projects such as have shown a reduction in youth violence. Intimate partner violence [ ]. Main articles: and Intimate partner violence refers to behaviour in an intimate relationship that causes physical, sexual or psychological harm, including physical aggression, sexual coercion, psychological abuse and controlling behaviours. Population-level surveys based on reports from victims provide the most accurate estimates of the prevalence of intimate partner violence and sexual violence in non-conflict settings. A study conducted by WHO in 10 mainly developing countries found that, among women aged 15 to 49 years, between 15% (Japan) and 70% (Ethiopia and Peru) of women reported physical and/or sexual violence by an intimate partner. Intimate partner and sexual violence have serious short- and long-term physical, mental, sexual and reproductive health problems for victims and for their children, and lead to high social and economic costs. These include both fatal and non-fatal injuries, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder,, sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. Factors associated with the perpetration and experiencing of intimate partner violence are low levels of education, history of violence as a perpetrator, a victim or a witness of parental violence, harmful use of alcohol, attitudes that are accepting of violence as well as marital discord and dissatisfaction. Factors associated only with perpetration of intimate partner violence are having multiple partners, and. A recent theory named 'The ' suggests a mutual flywheel effect between partners that is manifested by an escalation in the violence. A violent spin may occur in any other forms of violence, but in Intimate partner violence the added value is the mutual spin, based on the unique situation and characteristics of intimate relationship. The primary prevention strategy with the best evidence for effectiveness for intimate partner violence is school-based programming for adolescents to prevent violence within dating relationships. Evidence is emerging for the effectiveness of several other primary prevention strategies – those that: combine microfinance with gender equality training; promote communication and relationship skills within communities; reduce access to, and the harmful use of alcohol; and change cultural gender norms. Sexual violence [ ]. Meeting of victims of. Sexual violence is any sexual act, attempt to obtain a sexual act, unwanted sexual comments or advances, or acts to traffic, or otherwise directed against a person’s sexuality using coercion, by any person regardless of their relationship to the victim, in any setting. It includes rape, defined as the physically forced or otherwise coerced penetration of the vulva or anus with a penis, other body part or object. Population-level surveys based on reports from victims estimate that between 0.3–11.5% of women reported experiencing sexual violence. Sexual violence has serious short- and long-term consequences on physical, mental, sexual and reproductive health for victims and for their children as described in the section on intimate partner violence. If perpetrated during childhood, sexual violence can lead to increased smoking, drug and alcohol misuse, and risky sexual behaviours in later life. It is also associated with perpetration of violence and being a victim of violence. Many of the risk factors for sexual violence are the same as for. Risk factors specific to sexual violence perpetration include beliefs in family honour and sexual purity, ideologies of male sexual entitlement and weak legal sanctions for sexual violence. Few intervention to prevent sexual violence have been demonstrated to be effective. School-based programmes to prevent child sexual abuse by teaching children to recognize and avoid potentially sexually abusive situations are run in many parts of the world and appear promising, but require further research. To achieve lasting change, it is important to enact legislation and develop policies that protect women; address discrimination against women and promote gender equality; and help to move the culture away from violence. Elder maltreatment [ ]. Main article: Elder maltreatment is a single or repeated act, or lack of appropriate action, occurring within any relationship where there is an expectation of trust which causes harm or distress to an older person. This type of violence constitutes a violation of human rights and includes,,, emotional; and material abuse; abandonment;; and serious loss of and. While there is little information regarding the extent of maltreatment in elderly populations, especially in developing countries, it is estimated that 4–6% of elderly people in high-income countries have experienced some form of maltreatment at home However, older people are often afraid to report cases of maltreatment to family, friends, or to the authorities. Data on the extent of the problem in institutions such as hospitals, nursing homes and other long-term care facilities are scarce. Elder maltreatment can lead to serious physical injuries and long-term psychological consequences. Elder maltreatment is predicted to increase as many countries are experiencing rapidly ageing populations. Many strategies have been implemented to prevent elder maltreatment and to take action against it and mitigate its consequences including public and professional awareness campaigns, screening (of potential victims and abusers), caregiver support interventions (e.g. Stress management, respite care), adult protective services and self-help groups. Their effectiveness has, however, not so far been well-established. Targeted violence [ ] Several rare but painful episodes of, attempted assassination and at elementary, middle, high schools as well as colleges and universities in the United States led to a considerable body of research on ascertainable behaviours of persons who have planned or carried out such attacks. These studies (1995–2002) investigated what the authors called 'targeted violence,' described the 'path to violence' of those who planned or carried out attacks, and laid out suggestions for law enforcement and educators. A major point from these research studies is that targeted violence does not just 'come out of the blue'. Every day violence [ ] As an anthropological concept, this kind of violence may refers to the incorporation of different forms of violence (mainly political violence) into daily practices. [ ] Factors [ ] Violence cannot be attributed to a single factor. Its causes are complex and occur at different levels. To represent this complexity, the ecological, or is often used. The following four-level version of the ecological model is often used in the study of violence: The first level identifies biological and personal factors that influence how individuals behave and increase their likelihood of becoming a victim or perpetrator of violence: demographic characteristics (age, education, income),,,,, and a history of experiencing, witnessing, or engaging in violent behaviour. The second level focuses on close relationships, such as those with family and friends. In youth violence, for example, having friends who engage in or encourage violence can increase a young person’s risk of being a victim or perpetrator of violence. For intimate partner violence, a consistent marker at this level of the model is marital conflict or discord in the relationship. In, important factors are stress due to the nature of the past relationship between the abused person and the care giver. The third level explores the community context—i.e., schools, workplaces, and neighbourhoods. Risk at this level may be affected by factors such as the existence of a local drug trade, the absence of social networks, and concentrated poverty. All these factors have been shown to be important in several types of violence. Finally, the fourth level looks at the broad societal factors that help to create a climate in which violence is encouraged or inhibited: the responsiveness of the criminal justice system, social and cultural norms regarding gender roles or parent-child relationships, income inequality, the strength of the social welfare system, the social acceptability of violence, the availability of weapons, the exposure to violence in mass media, and political instability. Child-rearing [ ] Cross-cultural studies have shown that greater prevalence of of children tends to predict higher levels of violence in societies. For instance, a 2005 analysis of 186 found that corporal punishment was more prevalent in societies which also had higher rates of homicide, assault, and war. In the United States, has been linked to later violent acts against family members and spouses. While studies showing associations between physical punishment of children and later aggression cannot prove that physical punishment causes an increase in aggression, a number of suggest that the experience of physical punishment has a direct causal effect on later aggressive behaviors. The American family violence researcher believes that disciplinary forms 'the most prevalent and important form of violence in American families', whose effects contribute to several major societal problems, including later domestic violence and crime. Psychology [ ] The causes of violent behaviour in humans are often a topic of research in. Jan Volavka emphasizes that, for those purposes, 'violent behavior is defined as intentional physically aggressive behavior against another person.' Based on the idea of human nature, scientists do agree violence is inherent in humans. Among prehistoric humans, there is archaeological evidence for both contentions of violence and peacefulness as primary characteristics. Since violence is a matter of perception as well as a measurable phenomenon, psychologists have found variability in whether people perceive certain physical acts as 'violent'. For example, in a state where execution is a legalized punishment we do not typically perceive the executioner as 'violent', though we may talk, in a more metaphorical way, of the state acting violently. Likewise, understandings of violence are linked to a perceived aggressor-victim relationship: hence psychologists have shown that people may not recognise defensive use of force as violent, even in cases where the amount of force used is significantly greater than in the original aggression. The 'violent male ape' image is often brought up in discussions of human violence. Dale Peterson and 'Demonic Males: Apes and the Origins of Human Violence' write that violence is inherent in humans, though not inevitable. However, William L. Ury, editor of a book called 'Must We Fight? From the Battlefield to the Schoolyard—A New Perspective on Violent Conflict and Its Prevention' criticizes the 'killer ape' myth in his book which brings together discussions from two Harvard Law School symposiums. The conclusion is that 'we also have lots of natural mechanisms for cooperation, to keep conflict in check, to channel aggression, and to overcome conflict. These are just as natural to us as the aggressive tendencies.' James Gilligan writes violence is often pursued as an antidote to. The use of violence often is a source of and a defence of honor, especially among males who often believe violence defines manhood. In an article entitled 'The History of Violence' in, offers evidence that, on average, the amount and cruelty of violence to humans and animals has decreased over the last few centuries. Pinker's observation of the decline in interpersonal violence echoes the work of, who attributes the decline to a 'civilizing process', in which the state's monopolization of violence, the maintenance of socioeconomic interdependencies or 'figurations', and the maintenance of behavioural codes in culture all contribute to the development of individual sensibilities, which increase the repugnance of individuals towards violent acts. Some scholars disagree with the argument that all violence is decreasing arguing that not all types of violent behaviour are lower now than in the past. They suggest that research typically focuses on lethal violence, often looks at rates of death due to, but ignore the less obvious forms of violence. However, non-lethal violence, such as assaults or bullying appear to be declining as well. In his article, Robert D. Kaplan introduces the notion of liberating violence. According to Kaplan, we will observe more violent in the future, which will be fought due to economic inequalities around the world. The concept of violence normalization, is known as socially sanctioned or, and is a topic of increasing interest to researchers trying to understand violent behavior. It has been discussed at length by researchers in,,,, and. Offers several explanations for human violence in various contexts, such as, child abuse, and. Goetz (2010) argues that humans are similar to most species and use violence in specific situations. He writes that 'Buss and Shackelford (1997a) proposed seven adaptive problems our ancestors recurrently faced that might have been solved by aggression: co-opting the resources of others, defending against attack, inflicting costs on same-sex rivals, negotiating status and hierarchies, deterring rivals from future aggression, deterring mate from infidelity, and reducing resources expended on genetically unrelated children.' Goetz writes that most seem to start from relatively trivial disputes between unrelated men who then escalate to violence and death. He argues that such conflicts occur when there is a status dispute between men of relatively similar status. If there is a great initial status difference, then the lower status individual usually offers no challenge and if challenged the higher status individual usually ignores the lower status individual. At the same an environment of great inequalities between people may cause those at the bottom to use more violence in attempts to gain status. Further information: Research into the media and violence examines whether links between consuming media violence and subsequent aggressive and violent behaviour exists. Although some scholars had claimed media violence may increase aggression, this view is coming increasingly in doubt both in the scholarly community and was rejected by the US Supreme Court in the case, as well as in a review of video game violence by the Australian Government (2010) which concluded evidence for harmful effects were inconclusive at best and the rhetoric of some scholars was not matched by good data. Prevention [ ] The threat and enforcement of physical punishment has been a tried and tested method of preventing some violence since civilisation began. It is used in various degrees in most countries. Interpersonal violence [ ] A review of scientific literature by the on the effectiveness of strategies to prevent interpersonal violence identified the seven strategies below as being supported by either strong or emerging evidence for effectiveness. These strategies target risk factors at all four levels of the ecological model. Child–caregiver relationships [ ] Among the most effective such programmes to prevent child maltreatment and reduce childhood aggression are the Nurse Family Partnership home-visiting programme and the. There is also emerging evidence that these programmes reduce convictions and violent acts in adolescence and early adulthood, and probably help decrease intimate partner violence and self-directed violence in later life. Life skills in youth [ ] Evidence shows that the acquired in social development programmes can reduce involvement in violence, improve social skills, boost educational achievement and improve job prospects. Life skills refer to social, emotional, and behavioural competencies which help children and adolescents effectively deal with the challenges of everyday life. Gender equality [ ] Evaluation studies are beginning to support community interventions that aim to prevent by promoting. For instance, evidence suggests that programmes that combine microfinance with gender equity training can reduce intimate partner violence. School-based programmes such as Safe Dates programme in the United States of America and the Youth Relationship Project in Canada have been found to be effective for reducing dating violence. Cultural norms [ ] Rules or expectations of behaviour – norms – within a cultural or social group can encourage violence. Interventions that challenge cultural and supportive of violence can prevent acts of violence and have been widely used, but the evidence base for their effectiveness is currently weak. The effectiveness of interventions addressing and among teenagers and young adults by challenging social and cultural norms related to gender is supported by some evidence. Support programmes [ ] Interventions to identify victims of interpersonal violence and provide effective care and support are critical for protecting health and breaking cycles of violence from one generation to the next. Examples for which evidence of effectiveness is emerging includes: screening tools to identify victims of intimate partner violence and refer them to appropriate services; psychosocial interventions – such as trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy – to reduce mental health problems associated with violence, including post-traumatic stress disorder; and protection orders, which prohibit a perpetrator from contacting the victim, to reduce repeat victimization among victims of intimate partner violence. Collective violence [ ] Not surprisingly, scientific evidence about the effectiveness of interventions to prevent collective violence is lacking. However, policies that facilitate, that make more accountable, that reduce inequalities between groups, as well as policies that reduce access to biological, chemical, nuclear and other weapons have been recommended. When planning responses to violent conflicts, recommended approaches include assessing at an early stage who is most vulnerable and what their needs are, co-ordination of activities between various players and working towards global, national and local capabilities so as to deliver effective health services during the various stages of an emergency. Criminal justice [ ] One of the main functions of is to regulate violence. Sociologist stated that the state claims the practised within the confines of a specific territory. Enforcement is the main means of regulating nonmilitary violence in society. Governments regulate the use of violence through governing individuals and political authorities, including the and. Civil societies authorize some amount of violence, exercised through the, to maintain the status quo and enforce laws. However, German political theorist noted: 'Violence can be justifiable, but it never will be legitimate. Its justification loses in plausibility the farther its intended end recedes into the future. No one questions the use of violence in self-defence, because the danger is not only clear but also present, and the end justifying the means is immediate'. Arendt made a clear distinction between violence and power. Most political theorists regarded violence as an extreme manifestation of power whereas Arendt regarded the two concepts as opposites. In the 20th century in acts of governments may have killed more than 260 million of their own people through,,, slave, and sometimes through intentional. Violent acts that are not carried out by the military or police and that are not in are usually classified as, although not all crimes are. Is classified as violent crime in some jurisdictions but not in all. [ ] The (FBI) classifies violence resulting in into and (e.g. The criminal justice approach sees its main task as enforcing laws that proscribe violence and ensuring that 'justice is done'. The notions of individual blame, responsibility, guilt, and culpability are central to criminal justice's approach to violence and one of the criminal justice system's main tasks is to 'do justice', i.e. To ensure that offenders are properly identified, that the degree of their guilt is as accurately ascertained as possible, and that they are punished appropriately. To prevent and respond to violence, the criminal justice approach relies primarily on deterrence, incarceration and the punishment and rehabilitation of perpetrators. The criminal justice approach, beyond justice and punishment, has traditionally emphasized indicated interventions, aimed at those who have already been involved in violence, either as victims or as perpetrators. One of the main reasons offenders are arrested, prosecuted, and convicted is to prevent further crimes – through deterrence (threatening potential offenders with criminal sanctions if they commit crimes), incapacitation (physically preventing offenders from committing further crimes by locking them up) and through rehabilitation (using time spent under state supervision to develop skills or change one's psychological make-up to reduce the likelihood of future offences). In recent decades in many countries in the world, the criminal justice system has taken an increasing interest in preventing violence before it occurs. For instance, much of community and aims to reduce crime and violence by altering the conditions that foster it – and not to increase the number of arrests. Indeed, some police leaders have gone so far as to say the police should primarily be a crime prevention agency. Juvenile justice systems – an important component of criminal justice systems – are largely based on the belief in rehabilitation and prevention. In the US, the criminal justice system has, for instance, funded school- and community-based initiatives to reduce children's access to guns and teach conflict resolution. In 1974, the US Department of Justice assumed primary responsibility for delinquency prevention programmes and created the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, which has supported the 'Blueprints for violence prevention' programme at the. Public health [ ] The public health approach is a science-driven, population-based, interdisciplinary, intersectoral approach based on the ecological model which emphasizes primary prevention. Rather than focusing on individuals, the public health approach aims to provide the maximum benefit for the largest number of people, and to extend better care and safety to entire populations. The public health approach is interdisciplinary, drawing upon knowledge from many disciplines including medicine, epidemiology, sociology, psychology, criminology, education and economics. Because all forms of violence are multi-faceted problems, the public health approach emphasizes a multi-sectoral response. It has been proved time and again that cooperative efforts from such diverse sectors as health, education, social welfare, and criminal justice are often necessary to solve what are usually assumed to be purely 'criminal' or 'medical' problems. The public health approach considers that violence, rather than being the result of any single factor, is the outcome of multiple risk factors and causes, interacting at four levels of a nested hierarchy (individual, close relationship/family, community and wider society) of the. From a public health perspective, prevention strategies can be classified into three types: • Primary prevention – approaches that aim to prevent violence before it occurs. • Secondary prevention – approaches that focus on the more immediate responses to violence, such as pre-hospital care, emergency services or treatment for sexually transmitted infections following a rape. • Tertiary prevention – approaches that focus on long-term care in the wake of violence, such as rehabilitation and reintegration, and attempt to lessen trauma or reduce long-term disability associated with violence. A public health approach emphasizes the primary prevention of violence, i.e. Stopping them from occurring in the first place. Until recently, this approach has been relatively neglected in the field, with the majority of resources directed towards secondary or tertiary prevention. Perhaps the most critical element of a public health approach to prevention is the ability to identify underlying causes rather than focusing upon more visible 'symptoms'. This allows for the development and testing of effective approaches to address the underlying causes and so improve health. The public health approach is an evidence-based and systematic process involving the following four steps: • Defining the problem conceptually and numerically, using statistics that accurately describe the nature and scale of violence, the characteristics of those most affected, the geographical distribution of incidents, and the consequences of exposure to such violence. • Investigating why the problem occurs by determining its causes and correlates, the factors that increase or decrease the risk of its occurrence (risk and protective factors) and the factors that might be modifiable through intervention. • Exploring ways to prevent the problem by using the above information and designing, monitoring and rigorously assessing the effectiveness of programmes through outcome evaluations. • Disseminating information on the effectiveness of programmes and increasing the scale of proven effective programmes. Approaches to prevent violence, whether targeted at individuals or entire communities, must be properly evaluated for their effectiveness and the results shared. This step also includes adapting programmes to local contexts and subjecting them to rigorous re-evaluation to ensure their effectiveness in the new setting. In many countries, violence prevention is still a new or emerging field in public health. The public health community has started only recently to realize the contributions it can make to reducing violence and mitigating its consequences. In 1949, Gordon called for injury prevention efforts to be based on the understanding of causes, in a similar way to prevention efforts for communicable and other diseases. In 1962, Gomez, referring to the WHO definition of health, stated that it is obvious that violence does not contribute to 'extending life' or to a 'complete state of well-being'. He defined violence as an issue that public health experts needed to address and stated that it should not be the primary domain of lawyers, military personnel, or politicians. However, it is only in the last 30 years that public health has begun to address violence, and only in the last fifteen has it done so at the global level. This is a much shorter period of time than public health has been tackling other health problems of comparable magnitude and with similarly severe lifelong consequences. The global public health response to interpersonal violence began in earnest in the mid-1990s. In 1996, the World Health Assembly adopted Resolution WHA49.25 which declared violence 'a leading worldwide public health problem' and requested that the World Health Organization (WHO) initiate public health activities to (1) document and characterize the burden of violence, (2) assess the effectiveness of programmes, with particular attention to women and children and community-based initiatives, and (3) promote activities to tackle the problem at the international and national levels. The World Health Organization's initial response to this resolution was to create the Department of Violence and Injury Prevention and Disability and to publish the World report on violence and health (2002). The case for the public health sector addressing interpersonal violence rests on four main arguments. First, the significant amount of time health care professionals dedicate to caring for victims and perpetrators of violence has made them familiar with the problem and has led many, particularly in emergency departments, to mobilize to address it. The information, resources, and infrastructures the health care sector has at its disposal are an important asset for research and prevention work. Second, the magnitude of the problem and its potentially severe lifelong consequences and high costs to individuals and wider society call for population-level interventions typical of the public health approach. Third, the criminal justice approach, the other main approach to addressing violence (link to entry above), has traditionally been more geared towards violence that occurs between male youths and adults in the street and other public places – which makes up the bulk of homicides in most countries – than towards violence occurring in private settings such as child maltreatment, intimate partner violence and elder abuse – which makes up the largest share of non-fatal violence. Fourth, evidence is beginning to accumulate that a science-based public health approach is effective at preventing interpersonal violence. Human rights [ ]. 's pro-democracy protesters killed by military, February 2011 The approach is based on the obligations of states to respect, protect and fulfill human rights and therefore to prevent, eradicate and punish violence. It recognizes violence as a violation of many human rights: the rights to life, liberty, and security of the person; the rights to equality and non-discrimination; the rights to be free from torture and cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment; the right to; and the. These human rights are enshrined in and national constitutions and laws, which stipulate the obligations of states, and include mechanisms to hold states accountable. The, for example, requires that countries party to the Convention take all appropriate steps to end violence against women. The in its Article 19 states that States Parties shall take all appropriate legislative, administrative, social and educational measures to protect the child from all forms of physical or mental violence, injury or abuse, neglect or negligent treatment, maltreatment or exploitation, including, while in the care of parent(s), legal guardian(s) or any other person who has the care of the child. Geographical context [ ] Violence, as defined in the dictionary of human geography, 'appears whenever power is in jeopardy' and 'in and of itself stands emptied of strength and purpose: it is part of a larger matrix of socio-political power struggles'. Violence can be broadly divided into three broad categories – direct violence, structural violence and cultural violence. Thus defined and delineated, it is of note, as Hyndman says, that 'geography came late to theorizing violence' in comparison to other social sciences. Social and human geography, rooted in the,, and subfields that emerged following the early positivist approaches and subsequent behavioral turn, have long been concerned with social and spatial justice. Along with critical geographers and political geographers, it is these groupings of geographers that most often interact with violence. Keeping this idea of social/spatial justice via geography in mind, it is worthwhile to look at geographical approaches to violence in the context of politics. Derek Gregory and Alan Pred assembled the influential edited collection Violent Geographies: Fear, Terror, and Political Violence, which demonstrates how place, space, and landscape are foremost factors in the real and imagined practices of organized violence both historically and in the present. Evidently, political violence often gives a part for the state to play. When 'modern states not only claim a monopoly of the legitimate means of violence; they also routinely use the threat of violence to enforce the rule of law', the law not only becomes a form of violence but is violence. Philosopher 's concepts of and are useful to consider within a geography of violence. The state, in the grip of a perceived, potential crisis (whether legitimate or not) takes preventative legal measures, such as a suspension of rights (it is in this climate, as Agamben demonstrates, that the formation of the Social Democratic and Nazi government's lager or concentration camp can occur). However, when this 'in limbo' reality is designed to be in place 'until further noticethe state of exception thus ceases to be referred to as an external and provisional state of factual danger and comes to be confused with juridical rule itself'. For Agamben, the physical space of the camp 'is a piece of land placed outside the normal juridical order, but it is nevertheless not simply an external space'. At the scale of the body, in the state of exception, a person is so removed from their rights by 'juridical procedures and deployments of power' that 'no act committed against them could appear any longer as a crime'; in other words, people become only homo sacer. Could also be said to represent the physicality of the state of exception in space, and can just as easily draw man as homo sacer. In the 1970s, genocides in Cambodia under the and resulted in the deaths of over two million Cambodians (which was 25% of the Cambodian population), forming one of the many contemporary examples of state-sponsored violence. About fourteen thousand of these murders occurred at, which is the best-known of the extermination camps referred to as the. The killings were arbitrary; for example, a person could be killed for wearing glasses, since that was seen as associating them with intellectuals and therefore as making them part of the enemy. People were murdered with impunity because it was no crime; Cambodians were made homo sacer in a condition of bare life. The Killing Fields—manifestations of Agamben's concept of camps beyond the normal rule of law—featured the state of exception. As part of Pol Pot's 'ideological intentto create a purely agrarian society or cooperative', he 'dismantled the country's existing economic infrastructure and depopulated every urban area'. Forced movement, such as this forced movement applied by Pol Pot, is a clear display of structural violence. When 'symbols of Cambodian society were equally disrupted, social institutions of every kindwere purged or torn down', cultural violence (defined as when 'any aspect of culture such as language, religion, ideology, art, or cosmology is used to legitimize direct or structural violence' ) is added to the structural violence of forced movement and to the direct violence, such as murder, at the Killing Fields. Vietnam eventually intervened and the genocide officially ended. However, ten million landmines left by opposing guerillas in the 1970s continue to create a violent landscape in Cambodia. Human geography, though coming late to the theorizing table, has tackled violence through many lenses, including anarchist geography, feminist geography, Marxist geography, political geography, and critical geography. However, notes that, 'as violence spreads and assumes unheard-of forms, it becomes difficult to name in contemporary language'. Cavarero proposes that, in facing such a truth, it is prudent to reconsider violence as 'horrorism'; that is, 'as though ideally all thevictims, instead of their killers, ought to determine the name'. With geography often adding the forgotten spatial aspect to theories of social science, rather than creating them solely within the discipline, it seems that the self-reflexive contemporary geography of today may have an extremely important place in this current (re)imaging of violence, exemplified by Cavarero. [ ] Epidemiology [ ] As of 2010, all forms of violence resulted in about 1.34 million deaths up from about 1 million in 1990. Accounts for about 883,000, interpersonal violence for 456,000 and collective violence for 18,000. Deaths due to collective violence have decreased from 64,000 in 1990. By way of comparison, the 1.5 millions deaths a year due to violence is greater than the number of deaths due to tuberculosis (1.34 million), road traffic injuries (1.21 million), and malaria (830'000), but slightly less than the number of people who die from HIV/AIDS (1.77 million). For every death due to violence, there are numerous nonfatal injuries. In 2008, over 16 million cases of non-fatal violence-related injuries were severe enough to require medical attention. Beyond deaths and injuries, forms of violence such as child maltreatment, intimate partner violence, and elder maltreatment have been found to be highly prevalent. Self-directed violence [ ] In the last 45 years, suicide rates have increased by 60% worldwide. [ ] Suicide is among the three leading causes of death among those aged 15–44 years in some countries, and the second leading cause of death in the 10–24 years age group. [ ] These figures do not include suicide attempts which are up to 20 times more frequent than completed suicide. [ ] Suicide was the 16th leading cause of death worldwide in 2004 and is projected to increase to the 12th in 2030. Although suicide rates have traditionally been highest among the male elderly, rates among young people have been increasing to such an extent that they are now the group at highest risk in a third of countries, in both developed and developing countries. [ ] Interpersonal violence [ ] Rates and patterns of violent death vary by country and region. In recent years, homicide rates have been highest in developing countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean and lowest in East Asia, the western Pacific, and some countries in northern Africa. Studies show a strong, inverse relationship between homicide rates and both economic development and economic equality. Poorer countries, especially those with large gaps between the rich and the poor, tend to have higher rates of homicide than wealthier countries. Homicide rates differ markedly by age and sex. Gender differences are least marked for children. For the 15 to 29 age group, male rates were nearly six times those for female rates; for the remaining age groups, male rates were from two to four times those for females. Studies in a number of countries show that, for every homicide among young people age 10 to 24, 20 to 40 other young people receive hospital treatment for a violent injury. Forms of violence such as child maltreatment and intimate partner violence are highly prevalent. Approximately 20% of women and 5–10% of men report being sexually abused as children, while 25–50% of all children report being physically abused. A WHO multi-country study found that between 15–71% of women reported experiencing physical and/or sexual violence by an intimate partner at some point in their lives. Collective violence [ ] Wars grab headlines, but the individual risk of dying violently in an armed conflict is today relatively low—much lower than the risk of violent death in many countries that are not suffering from an armed conflict. For example, between 1976 and 2008, were victims of 329,825 homicides. Although there is a widespread perception that war is the most dangerous form of armed violence in the world, the average person living in a conflict-affected country had a risk of dying violently in the conflict of about 2.0 per 100,000 population between 2004 and 2007. This can be compared to the average world homicide rate of 7.6 per 100,000 people. This illustration highlights the value of accounting for all forms of armed violence rather than an exclusive focus on conflict related violence. Certainly, there are huge variations in the risk of dying from armed conflict at the national and subnational level, and the risk of dying violently in a conflict in specific countries remains extremely high. In Iraq, for example, the direct conflict death rate for 2004–07 was 65 per 100,000 people per year and, in Somalia, 24 per 100,000 people. This rate even reached peaks of 91 per 100,000 in Iraq in 2006 and 74 per 100,000 in Somalia in 2007. 'History of violence' redirects here. For other uses, see. Organized, large-scale, militaristic, or regular human-on-human violence was absent for the vast majority of the human timeline, and is first documented to have started only relatively recently in the, an epoch that began about 11,700 years ago, probably with the advent of higher population densities due to. Social anthropologist writes that scholars are divided on the origins of this greater degree of violence—in other words, war-like behavior: There are basically two schools of thought on this issue. One holds that warfare. Goes back at least to the time of the first thoroughly modern humans and even before then to the primate ancestors of the hominid lineage. The second positions on the origins of warfare sees war as much less common in the cultural and biological evolution of humans. Here, warfare is a latecomer on the cultural horizon, only arising in very specific material circumstances and being quite rare in human history until the development of agriculture in the past 10,000 years. In his books and posits that the rise of large-scale warfare is the result of advances in technology and city-states. For instance, the rise of agriculture provided a significant increase in the number of individuals that a region could sustain over hunter-gatherer societies, allowing for development of specialized classes such as soldiers, or weapons manufacturers. In academia, the idea of the peaceful pre-history and non-violent tribal societies gained popularity with the. The trend, starting in and spreading to reached its height in the late half of the 20th century. However, some newer research in archaeology and may provide evidence that violence within and among groups is not a recent phenomenon. [ ] According to the book 'The Bioarchaeology of Violence' violence is a behavior that is found throughout human history. Keeley at the University of Illinois writes in that 87% of were at war more than once per year, and that 65% of them were fighting continuously. He writes that the attrition rate of numerous close-quarter clashes, which characterize, produces casualty rates of up to 60%, compared to 1% of the combatants as is typical in modern warfare. 'Primitive Warfare' of these small groups or tribes was driven by the basic need for sustenance and violent competition. Fry explores Keeley's argument in depth and counters that such sources erroneously focus on the ethnography of hunters and gatherers in the present, whose culture and values have been infiltrated externally by modern civilization, rather than the actual archaeological record spanning some two million years of human existence. Fry determines that all present ethnographically studied tribal societies, 'by the very fact of having been described and published by anthropologists, have been irrevocably impacted by history and modern colonial nation states' and that 'many have been affected by state societies for at least 5000 years.' The Better Angels of Our Nature [ ] 's 2011 book,, roused both acclaim and controversy by asserting that modern society is less violent than in periods of the past, whether on the short scale of decades or long scale of centuries or millennia. Steven Pinker argues that by every possible measure, every type of violence has drastically decreased since ancient and medieval times. A few centuries ago, for example, was a standard practice in all kinds of warfare and was so common that historians did not even bother to mention it. According to Pinker, rape, murder, warfare and animal cruelty have all seen drastic declines in the 20th century. However, Pinker's analyses have met with much criticism; for example, Pinker himself, on his FAQ page, states that he does not include catastrophic ecological violence (including violence against wild or domesticated non-human animals or plants, or against ecosystems) or the violence of economic inequality and of coercive working conditions in his definition; he controversially regards these forms of violence as 'metaphorical'. Some critics have therefore argued that Pinker suffers from 'a reductive vision of what it means to be violent.' Society and culture [ ]. A sculpture in of a padlock on the warped barrel of a, with the inscription 'stop violence!' In (:!די לאלימות) Beyond deaths and injuries, highly prevalent forms of violence (such as child maltreatment and intimate partner violence) have serious lifelong non-injury health consequences. Victims may engage in high-risk behaviours such as alcohol and substance misuse and smoking, which in turn can contribute to cardiovascular disorders, cancers, depression, diabetes and HIV/AIDS, resulting in premature death. The balances of prevention, mitigation, mediation and exacerbation are complex, and vary with the underpinnings of violence. Economic effects [ ] In countries with high levels of violence, economic growth can be slowed down, personal and collective security eroded, and social development impeded. Families edging out of poverty and investing in schooling their sons and daughters can be ruined through the violent death or severe disability of the main breadwinner. Communities can be caught in poverty traps where pervasive violence and deprivation form a vicious circle that stifles economic growth. For societies, meeting the direct costs of health, criminal justice, and social welfare responses to violence diverts many billions of dollars from more constructive societal spending. The much larger indirect costs of violence due to lost productivity and lost investment in education work together to slow economic development, increase socioeconomic inequality, and erode human and social capital. Additionally, communities with high level of violence do not provide the level of stability and predictability vital for a prospering business economy. Individuals will be less likely to invest money and effort towards growth in such unstable and violent conditions. In 2016, the, released the report, which estimates the economic impact of violence and conflict on the global economy, the total economic impact of violence on the world economy in 2015 was estimated to be $13.6 trillion in terms. Religion [ ]. The of French Protestants, 1572 Religious and political ideologies have been the cause of interpersonal violence throughout history. Ideologues often falsely accuse others of violence, such as the ancient against Jews, the accusations of casting spells against women, and modern accusations of against day care center owners and others. Both supporters and opponents of the 21st century regard it largely as an ideological and religious war. Vittorio Bufacchi describes two different modern concepts of violence, one the 'minimalist conception' of violence as an intentional act of excessive or destructive force, the other the 'comprehensive conception' which includes violations of rights, including a long list of human needs. Assert that is violent. They believe,, and survive only because police violence defends them and that capitalist economies need war to expand. They may use the term ' to describe the systematic ways in which a given social structure or institution kills people slowly by preventing them from meeting their basic needs, for example the deaths caused by diseases because of lack of medicine. Critiqued the violence of and wrote about the counter violence of the 'colonized victims.' Throughout history, most religions and individuals like have preached that humans are capable of eliminating individual violence and organizing societies through purely means. Gandhi himself once wrote: 'A society organized and run on the basis of complete non-violence would be the purest.' Modern political ideologies which espouse similar views include pacifist varieties of,, and. Terence Fretheim writing about the Old Testament: For many people. Only physical violence truly qualifies as violence. But, certainly, violence is more than killing people, unless one includes all those words and actions that kill people slowly. The effect of limitation to a “killing fields” perspective is the widespread neglect of many other forms of violence. We must insist that violence also refers to that which is psychologically destructive, that which demeans, damages, or depersonalizes others. In view of these considerations, violence may be defined as follows: any action, verbal or nonverbal, oral or written, physical or psychical, active or passive, public or private, individual or institutional/societal, human or divine, in whatever degree of intensity, that abuses, violates, injures, or kills. Some of the most pervasive and most dangerous forms of violence are those that are often hidden from view (against women and children, especially); just beneath the surface in many of our homes, churches, and communities is abuse enough to freeze the blood. Moreover, many forms of systemic violence often slip past our attention because they are so much a part of the infrastructure of life (e.g., racism, sexism, ageism). See also [ ] • • • • • • • • • References [ ]. This article's use of may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines. Please by removing or external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into. (September 2015) () Wikimedia Commons has media related to. Wikiquote has quotations related to: •, World Health Organization •, Centers for Disease Control •, UNESCO •, American Psychological Association •, Secretary-General of the United Nations •, UNICEF •, Bielefeld University •, Ohio State University •, 1971 monograph by, Brazilian archbishop •, essay by, Swiss psychologist •, polylog.org (online philosophy journal).
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2/19/2018 0 Comments Horse Soldiers DVDThe Horse Soldiers (1959) The Horse Soldiers Blu-ray offers solid video and great audio in this enjoyable Blu-ray release A Union Cavalry outfit is sent behind confederate lines in strength to destroy a rail/supply centre. Along with them is sent a doctor who causes instant antipathy between him and the commander. The secret plan for the mission is overheard by a southern belle who must be taken along to assure her silence. The Union officers each have different reasons for wanting to be on the mission. For more about The Horse Soldiers and the The Horse Soldiers Blu-ray release, see the published by Casey Broadwater on May 16, 2011 where this Blu-ray release scored 3.5 out of 5. Director: Writers:, Starring:,,,,, ». The Horse Soldiers Blu-ray Review Ford and Wayne take on the Civil War. Reviewed by, May 16, 2011 Falling roughly between The Searchers—arguably the best western ever made—and The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance, the last truly great film of John Ford's prolific career, The Horse Soldiers is generally regarded as 'lesser Ford.' While this may be true, it should be remembered that even at his least inspired, John Ford made western and war movies—with occasional forays into other genres—that stood toe-to-toe with practically anything else Hollywood was putting out at the time. The Horse Soldiers, then, may not ride high in Ford's filmography—not for critics or film scholars, anyway—but it was commercially successful upon its 1959 release, and it's still a worthwhile entertainment, filled with explosive action sequences and bolstered by deliciously prickly performances from its two leads, William Holden and John Wayne, Ford's go-to hero. Marlowe pours himself another one. Besides his contribution to the omnibus epic How the West Was Won, The Horse Soldiers also has the distinction of being the only John Ford feature explicitly about the Civil War. Available in: DVD. The Horse Soldiers, one of the many pairings of star John Wayne and director John Ford, comes to DVD with a widescreen transfer. Horse Soldiers DVD movie video at CD Universe, A hardened Union colonel embarks on a dangerous mission to sabotage a railroad line, Saddled with a quarrelsome doctor. Adapted from Harold Sinclair's eponymous novel, the film is loosely based on the remarkable true story of a Union cavalry brigade that journeyed six hundred miles into Southern territory, sabotaging railroad tracks, blowing up bridges, and destroying Confederate storehouses along the way—all before making a nearly bloodless escape. John Wayne plays Colonel John Marlowe, a former railroad engineer who's been tasked with leading this dangerous raid behind enemy lines. Although he's not a cruel man, Marlowe is a total hardass, and his plan is to push his men to the limits, disrupt the Confederate supply lines, and then get the hell out. No dillydallying or pussyfooting around. Any wounded will be 'left to the clemency of the enemy.' Naturally, he gruffly receives the news that, per regulations, regimental surgeon Major Henry Kendall (William Holden) will be joining the expedition. Marlowe initially seems worried that Kendall will simply slow them down, but the real cause of his disdain eventually comes out—ever since his wife died of a botched surgery, Marlowe has distrusted doctors. Actually, distrust is a rather weak word. He hates doctors, and he loathes the idea of having one tailing him on this mission, telling him when—and for how long —the men need to rest and recuperate. They get off to a rough start when Kendall holds up the entire brigade in order to deliver a slave baby. The story needs little elaboration. History dictated the outcome for Ford—that is, we already know the Yanks make a clean getaway—so his main focus is on the interplay between the characters. And this is where the film shines. Marlowe and Kendall are pitted against each other as adversaries who fight for the same side. The two men are at constant odds, bickering over command decisions and regarding each other with mutually wary suspicion. Adding to the drama, the two officers find themselves with a female problem on their hands when the brigade stops for the night at Greenbrier Plantation. Miss Hannah Hunter (Constance Towers) greets Marlowe and his men with typical Southern hospitality, but when she invites the officers in for supper, she's gets caught listening in on their post-dinner strategy session with the intent to spread the info to nearby Confederate troops. Marlowe can't risk knowledge of their ultimate target leaking, so he's forced to take Hannah along as a prisoner. A loose love triangle emerges between Marlowe, Kendall, and Hannah, but the film wisely avoids veering into overtly romantic territory. Who has time for love during a raiding mission, right? The interactions are mostly flirty in an antagonistic way—Marlowe and Hannah clearly don't like each other at first—but we gradually see a slight softening of Wayne's stubborn character, and he eventually apologizes for being such a mean old bastard: 'I'm sorry for the hardship and humiliation that we'vethat I've caused you.' It takes a lot more for Marlowe and Kendall to learn to see eye-to-eye, and there are some smart moments of both physical and psychological one-upmanship. The best scene in the film is when Marlowe has to trust the doctor to remove a bullet from his calf. Let's just say that Kendall takes great pleasure prying it out. As usual with Ford, the battles are filmed on a grand scale, and although they lack some of the intensity and visual spectacle of his earlier work—like the chase sequence in Stagecoach, the 1939 film that reinvigorated the western—there are several memorable scenes. The skirmish at Newton's Station is chaotic, with Confederate forces pouring out of a train like clowns from a clown car while Marlowe's men take up position behind turned over wagons and other makeshift barricades. (This is proceeded by a great scene where the town's inhabitants throw clods of dirt at the invading soldiers.) Later, with troops in short supply, a rebel officer is forced to call up teenaged cadets from a local military academy—a quandary inspired by the real-life Battle of New Market—and when the student-soldiers charge against the Union brigade, Marlowe is faced with a moral decision: Will he slaughter a group of too-young-to-die boys, or will he sound the retreat? Kendall also runs into an ethical dilemma: Should he escape back behind Northern lines or stay to tend to the wounded and risk imprisonment in the infamous Andersonville P.O.W. Since this is a John Ford/John Wayne collaboration—the two basically invented the White Hat/Black Hat cowboy morality mythos—we can expect both Marlowe and Kendall to do the right thing. That said, although he's not quite an antihero—a concept that Sam Peckinpah and Sergio Leone would later bring to westerns—Marlowe is an obstinate, bulldoggish grump, prone to drunken rage and curmudgeonly outbursts. He's one of John Wayne's more conflicted characters, and that's reason enough to revisit The Horse Soldiers. I don't think anyone expects much restoration work to be put into MGM Blu-ray catalog releases nowadays—unless we're talking about massively popular tentpole films—so I wasn't surprised to see that The Horse Soldiers' 1080p/AVC-encoded transfer has its share of untouched source-related deficiencies. White specks and small vertical scratches occasionally crop up, brightness and colors sometimes flicker and shift, and the print in general has a slightly grimy look. But here's the big question: Is it an improvement over the DVD? Although the film has never been super-sharp, clarity gets an appreciable boost here, with more visible textures in key areas, like the actors' faces and clothing. Aside from the fluctuations, which most often occur around scene changes, color is also nicely reproduced. Yankee blues are dense, green foliage is suitably lush, skin tones are warm and creamy, and black levels are as deep as they need to be while still preserving relevant shadow detail. One other thing to note: the film has always been very grainy, but MGM fortunately hasn't tried to smooth it away with DNR. I didn't notice any banding, blocking, or excess compression noise, although on this last point, grain is so thick it would be hard to tell if there were more noise than usual. Overall, this seems to be a straight transfer of a moderately used print. The film could certainly look better, but that would probably require a significant time/effort/money investment on the part of an already-strapped studio. Horse Soldiers rides onto Blu-ray with a DTS-HD Master Audio version of its mono soundtrack. Your player/receiver may identify this as 2.0, but there's no stereo separation here. And none needed. While I appreciate the efforts studios sometimes make to expand the soundtracks of older films to 5.1 channels—and beyond—I'm happy enough with the original versions in lossless format. I'm sure most purists agree. Although obviously limited dynamically and immersion-wise, this track gets all the essentials right. Dialogue is always clear and easy to understand—even if the recordings aren't as pristine as what you'd hear in a contemporary film—and the effects are as clear and powerful as can be expected. David Buttholph's nostalgic score sounds wonderful as well. Most importantly, there are no fatal hisses, drop-outs, pops, or crackles. The disc also includes a number of dub and subtitle options—see above for details. The Horse Soldiers may not be the best of the John Ford/John Wayne collaborations—even Ford himself supposedly wasn't happy with the finished film—but it's a consistently entertaining Civil War drama that features Wayne as a stubborn, tough-as-rawhide Colonel leading his men on a seemingly impossible mission. Although the lack of special features is disappointing, the Blu-ray is a solid upgrade from the now-ancient DVD, which came out ten years ago. Recommended for Ford followers, Wayne worshippers, Civil War buffs—or, at least, those willing to forgive some historical inaccuracy—and western lovers in general. When this film starts, you think you are going to see one of Ford's best. The scenes showing the cavalry are on the same level as Fort Apache and She Wore A Yellow Ribbon. The story which is based on a true fact, could not be better. There is a scene showing young southern boys attacking, which is one of the best moments I have ever seen on the screen. Where the film goes wrong is in the unconvincing performance of Constance Towers, and the fact that they tried to give too much importance to the part played by William Holden. Which really should be secondary. I also missed the presence of Victor McLaglen, Ford could never find someone to replace him. It is a pleasure to see Hoot Gibson, he is even better than when he was young. 2/19/2018 0 Comments Insidious: Ultima Cheie FullFilmul nu e chiar asa de rau atata tot ca e mai slabut decat restul seriei 'DAR' am fost sa il vad la cinema in Arad la Atrium Center Cinema City si nu inteleg dc NAIBA multe scene din trailer nu au aparut in FILM!!!!! Daca a mai patit cineva asa ceva va rog sa mi raspundeti, este primul film la care patesc.scena cu femeia aia cheala si mai multe din trailer nu au aparut in film si ma intrebam oare ce pana mea frate dc sau cum.mentionez nu am iesit la baie nu am stat pe tel NU NIMIC am fo atent la tot filmul si o gramada de scene lipseau si nu inteleg dc.cineva sa raspunda va rog:D. Quotes: I'm going to get the attention of all the spirits in this house. I need things that were important to Garza. Specs, go upstairs. There is a bible he held very dear to him. It was a red, King James version; I need you to find it. Take Imogen with you.: Okay.: And do not let her out of your sight.: I won't. [ Specs and Imogen head upstairs]: Tucker and I are going down to the fallout shelter.: What- I get the death chamber and he gets bible camp with the most beautiful girl on earth? That's not a. Insidious: The Last Key is the fourth installment of hit franchise. While the first two movies revolve around Josh Lambert & family. The third & fourth installments mainly revolve around Elise Rainier & her encounters with supernatural elements. The movie starts off in the year 1953. Elise Rainier (Ava Kolker) is a young girl, who stays with her brother & parents. She has this innate gift/curse of seeing ghosts & speaking to them. While her mother understands her situation & is compassionate towards her, her father is completely annoyed with this weird ability. A childhood incident leads to disastrous results. Elise Rainier leaves her home & starts life afresh away from her family. She then grows up to be an accomplished ghost buster. Several years later, she gets a call from the new occupant of her house. The new occupant has been facing the wrath of the supernatural forces lurking in his house. He hopes that Elise Rainier (Lin Shaye) will help him out. Psychic Elise is joined by her two sidekicks (watch the movie to get the joke) - Tucker (Angus Sampson) & Specs (Leigh Whannell). These two are the comic relief in the movie. What follows is a series of spooky incidents, which will keep you at the edge of your seats. The movie does have its share of emotional scenes. Insidious: Ultima cheie. INSIDIOUS: ULTIMA CHEIE| Din 5 ianuarie la cinema| InterComFilm. “Insidious: Ultima cheie / Insidious: The Last Key”, trailer subtitrat “Insidious: Ultima cheie / Insidious: The Last Key”, trailer subtitrat. Insidious: Ultima cheie. INSIDIOUS: ULTIMA CHEIE| Din 5 ianuarie la cinema| InterComFilm. Family reunions post several years, strength of a mother's love for her kids are aspects on which the makers rely on to create an emotional bond with the viewers. There are enough twists & turns to keep you guessing. There were some twists, which no one can probably see coming. The script follows the usual crest & trough pattern. There are a few scenes which take the story further, followed by some horror scenes & again some scenes to take the story further. Thankfully, there are more crests than troughs. The horror quotient in this movie is very high. It did manage to scare us & the effects did manage to startle us. The movie is scarier than the latest movie from the Annabelle series. Producer James Wan is truly a genius. His collaboration with Leigh Whannell has always managed to impress us. Leigh Whannell acts, scripts & produces the movie as well. Music by Joseph Bishara does manage to accentuate the effect of the horror scenes. The acting by the cast is good. There are no flaws in the movie to speak of. Although we were a tad unhappy with the way the movie ended. The ending could have been scripted better. But, we strongly recommend this movie to all horror movie aficionados. Do watch it at a theatre near you! 2/19/2018 0 Comments Maze Runner: The Death Cure HDSPOILER ALERT Hi guys! This is my first video on my new channel! This is a fanmade trailer of The Death Cure. I tried to follow the book as much as I could but I also made a lot of it up myself, so many of the things in the trailer isn't in the book. As you guys probably can see, I used scenes and clips from other movies and series. Please use headphones and watch it in HD! Hope you enjoy:) Also I was a lil bitch and stole the scene with the note from tabitha tutorials so credit to her - - - I do not own any of the clips or music! I edited this myself on Final Cut Pro:) - - - IG: @voidstxless please follow? I make Photoshop edits. On @dylanthecutie I make videos. Twitter: @TronnorFrentus. Maze Runner The Death Cure Movie. Skip to content. Watch® Movie Online & Download Free HD. 2018 Full Movie Watch or Download Online for free on Ipad, Iphone. Maze Runner: The Death Cure. Is hosted on various sites and the video is not uploaded by any person affiliated with us nor is it available for HD stream or download. Movie Info Release Date: January 26, 2018 Rating: 8.2 About Maze Runner The Death Cure Country: United States Year: 2018 Category: Action, Sci-Fi, Thriller Release Date: 26 January, 2018 Director: Wes Ball Starring: Rosa Salazar, Thomas Brodie-Sangster, Dylan O'Brien Age Restriction: 18 years Duration: 145 minutes Budget: $98,000,00 Box Office: $? Maze Runner The Death Cure is a 2018 Gotham Group produced by Temple Hill Entertainment and Twentieth Century Fox. Another successful franchise of young people in an apocalyptic future comes to an end. 'Maze Runner: The Death Cure' released its final trailer this week, where the protagonist Thomas (Dylan O'Brien) has the opportunity to save all humanity from a dangerous one. As seen in the trailer, Thomas and his friends develop a dangerous mission to infiltrate the Last City, where they could get the answers they crave. However, the vast majority of citizens will not be left without doing anything: the revolution has only just begun. The film is scheduled to be released on January 26, 2018. 2/19/2018 0 Comments Kickboxer: Retaliation (Download)Kickboxer: Retaliation download English subtitles SRT. Download english subtitles of movies and new TV shows. The largest collection of quality english subtitles. Nonton Film Kickboxer: Retaliation (2018) WEBRip 480p & 720p mp4 mkv Hindi English Sub Indo Watch Online Free Streaming Full HD Movie Download via Google Drive. One year after the events of 'Kickboxer: Vengeance', Kurt Sloan has vowed never to return to Thailand. However, while gearing up for a MMA title shot, he finds himself sedated and forced back into Thailand, this time in prison. He is there because the ones responsible want him to face a 6'8' 400 lbs. Beast named Mongkut and in return for the fight, Kurt will get two million dollars and his freedom back. Kurt at first refuses, in which a bounty is placed on his head as a way to force him to face Mongkut. Kurt soon learns he will have no other choice and will undergo his most rigorous training yet under some unexpected mentors in order to face Mongkut in hopes to regain his freedom. One year after the events of 'Kickboxer: Vengeance', Kurt Sloan has vowed never to return to Thailand. However, while gearing up for a MMA title shot, he finds himself sedated and forced back into Thailand, this time in prison. He is there because the ones responsible want him to face a 6'8' 400 lbs. Beast named Mongkut and in return for the fight, Kurt will get two million dollars and his freedom back. Kurt at first refuses, in which a bounty is placed on his head as a way to force him to face Mongkut. Kurt soon learns he will have no other choice and will undergo his most rigorous training yet under some unexpected mentors in order to face Mongkut in hopes to regain his freedom. Download as many as you like and watch them on your computer, your tablet, TV or mobile device. Kickboxer: Retaliation - 2018; Kickboxer: Retaliation - 2018 HD. Stream OST - Soundtrack - Music (2017) Online Link:: ( download Ⴔ kickboxer retaliation ost - soundtrack - music 2017 Ꮬ. Download Film INSIDIOUS: CHAPTER 4 2018 BluRay + Sub Indo – INSIDIOUS: CHAPTER 4 atau berjudul lain ASTRALNA PODMUKLOST: POGLAVLJE 4 ini, adalah sebuah film Horror Hollywood terabaru 2017. Untuk jalan cerita film horror yang satu ini, sementara masih dirahasiakan oleh pihak rumah produksi yaitu Blumhouse Productions. Akan tetapi dari rumor yang beredar Elise Rainier (diperankan Lin Shaye) akan kembali berperan sebagai paranrmal. Dari berita yang beredar Plot diketahui. Sekuel keempat dari franchise ‘Insidious’. Sebelum dirilis dari Insidious: Chapter 3, Leigh Whannell ditanya, “Jika ada Insidious: Chapter 4, akan menjadi sekuel Bab 3, prekuel lain untuk asli atau akan terus di garis waktu ini atau pergi ke seluruh waktu baru? ” Whannell menjawab, “Saya tidak tahu. Saya belum benar benar berpkir tentang hal itu. Tapi untuk tujuan wawancara ini, saya akan mengatakan bahwa saya ingin menjelajahi waktu antara film ini dan film pertama. Itu merupakan daerah di mana Elise telah menemukan kembali bakatnya, saya pikir Anda bisa memiliki banyak petualangan sebelum ia tiba. Jadi saya pikir ada banyak ruang di sana. Kami sudah jenis didirikan Lin [Shaye] dalam film ini tertentu seperti jenis superhero ini, sehingga akan menjadi semacam menarik untuk mengeksplorasi di film-film lainnya. ” ini diumumkan pada 16 Mei 2016 yang Bab 4 akan memiliki 20 Oktober 2017 tanggal rilis dengan Whannell menulis, Jason Blum, Oren Peli dan James Wan memproduksi, Adam Robitel mengarahkan, dan Lin Shaye kembali ke Reprise perannya sebagai Elise Rainier. Download Film Bad Boys for Life (2018) BluRay Indonesia Subtitle Indonesia| Halo sobat para pecinta film terbaru dari moviefilm.id, pada kesempatan kali ini admin. Streaming Online & Download Film Insidious: Chapter 4 (2018) Subtitle Indonesia BluRay HD WEB-DL DVDRip Mkv Mp4 1080p 720p Insidious. Astralna Podmuklost. Download Film Insidious: Chapter 4 (2018) Subtile Indonesia Full Movie HDRip WEB-DL MovieDramaGuide Gratis Mp4 Mkv Download Film Indonesia Full Movie Subscene. INSIDIOUS: CHAPTER 4 atau berjudul lain ASTRALNA PODMUKLOST: POGLAVLJE 4 ini, adalah sebuah film Horror Hollywood terabaru 2017. Film ini merupakan bagian keempat dari “Insidious” franchise. Yang direncanakan dirillis pada tanggal 20 Oktober 2017 (USA). Film ini akan disutradarai oleh Adam Robitel. Dan sedangkan untuk naskah skenarionya akan ditulis oleh Leigh Whannell. Insidious: Chapter 4 Movie ini, akan digarap dan diproduksi oleh Rumah Produksi Film Entertainment One, Blumhouse Productions, LStar Capital. Dan akan didistributori oleh Distributor Film Universal Pictures. Film ini akan mengambil tempat lokasi syuting di Santa Clarita, California, USA. Adapun untuk pemeran film yang akan turut meramaikan dan bermain didalam film ini, yaitu diantaranya seperti Josh Stewart, Spencer Locke, Javier Botet, Lin Shaye beperan sebagai Elise Rainier, Caitlin Gerard, Kirk Acevedo, Leigh Whannell beperan sebagai Specs, Tessa Ferrer beperan sebagai Aubrey, Bruce Davison, Angus Sampson beperan sebagai Tucker, Hana Hayes beperan sebagai Teenage Elise, dan Marcus Henderson beperan sebagai Detective Whitfield. Sinopsis Film Insidious: Chapter 4 (2017) Untuk jalan cerita film horror yang satu ini, sementara masih dirahasiakan oleh pihak rumah produksi yaitu Blumhouse Productions. Akan tetapi dari rumor yang beredar Elise Rainier (diperankan Lin Shaye) akan kembali berperan sebagai paranormal. Dari berita yang beredar Plot diketahui. Sekuel keempat dari franchise ‘Insidious’. Sebelum dirilis dari Insidious: Chapter 3, Leigh Whannell ditanya, “Jika ada Insidious: Chapter 4, akan menjadi sekuel Bab 3, prekuel lain untuk asli atau akan terus di garis waktu ini atau pergi ke seluruh waktu baru? ” Whannell menjawab, “Saya tidak tahu. Saya belum benar benar berpikir tentang hal itu. Tapi untuk tujuan wawancara ini, saya akan mengatakan bahwa saya ingin menjelajahi waktu antara film ini dan film pertama. Itu merupakan daerah di mana Elise telah menemukan kembali bakatnya, saya pikir Anda bisa memiliki banyak petualangan sebelum ia tiba. Jadi saya pikir ada banyak ruang di sana. Kami sudah jenis didirikan Lin [Shaye] dalam film ini tertentu seperti jenis superhero ini, sehingga akan menjadi semacam menarik untuk mengeksplorasi di film-film lainnya. ” ini diumumkan pada 16 Mei 2016 yang Bab 4 akan memiliki 20 Oktober 2017 tanggal rilis dengan Whannell menulis, Jason Blum, Oren Peli dan James Wan memproduksi, Adam Robitel mengarahkan, dan Lin Shaye kembali ke Reprise perannya sebagai Elise Rainier. Download INSIDIOUS: CHAPTER 4 2018 Subtitle Indonesia indomoviemania INSIDIOUS: CHAPTER 4 atau berjudul lain ASTRALNA PODMUKLOST: POGLAVLJE 4 ini, adalah sebuah film. Nov 21, 2016. (Bluray HD Download) Jordan Xiong. Chapter 4 (Astralna Podmuklost: Poglavlje 4) full'movie” Download (2017. 2/19/2018 0 Comments Slaptas Keleivis DVDRipKIDY.eu – online store of clothes for newborns and babies up to 1 year old, where you can find various garments for your children. Please, admit that not everyone has the time to go to the shop to find certain piece of clothing. 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Jonukas ir Grytutė: Raganų Medžiotojai. 2/15/2018 0 Comments Acts Of Violence (Download)Quotes: What now for the hollow-hearted soldier?/When the beast of battle digs in its claws and a soul sets sail in eternal pause./Survival's true cost is growing older./Where to for the man without a mission?/When the cries of combat cease to sound and the ones once brave all lie in the ground./The warrior's new war is attrition./What hope an entire war cherish?/To brave a new battle or to perish.: Brother. /When you raise your shield,/So will I./Sister. /When you charge at the enemy,/So will I./. Lionsgate clearly doesn't put too much effort in to the PR of this movie. It's never a good thing when the wrong movie description is sent out and submitted on movie sites. According to iTunes this movie is about 'Bruce Willis starts in the action-sci-fi-adventure drama about the government, aliens and chips implanted in our bodies.' While that sounds exciting (or really, really dumb), this is in fact a run-of-the-mill revenge movie. Bruce Willis plays a cop, and it's set to hit cinemas (limited run) and iTunes in January. It's difficult to sound super excited about this one. Acts of Violence movie download free HD is available in Blueray 720p.You can also download backdrop HD images of Acts of Violence High Quality Trailer. Get Paramount For Acts of Violence 2017 Full Movie Watch or Download Online for free on Ipad, Iphone, Mac Pro, Tablet, PC or any Devices From Any Where. Download Latest 2018 Movie Acts Of violence When his fiancee is kidnapped by human traffickers, Roman (Ashton Holmes) and his ex-military brothers set out to track. 2/15/2018 0 Comments Insidious: Chapter 4 (DVD)1-48 of 57 results for 'Insidious: Chapter 4. $9.97-$19.15 Prime. DVD, Blu-ray, DVD. Twenty-three Insidious Chapter 3 Movies 4 Sizes Silk Fabric. Amazon.com: Insidious: Chapter 3: Stefanie Scott, Dermot Mulroney, Angus Sampson, Lin Shaye, Leigh Whannell, Jason Blum, Oren Peli: Movies & TV. Watch Insidious: Chapter 4 (2017) Full Movie dvd quality online,Watch Insidious: Chapter 4 (2017) Full Movie dvd quality,Watch Insidious: Chapter 4 (2017). Insidious: Chapter 4 and Half to Death release dates announced and ’ Insidious: Chapter 4 will move from October 20, 2017 to Friday, January 5, 2018. The film takes the place of the previously-announced “Untitled Blumhouse Horror Project.” Meanwhile, Universal Pictures’ Half to Death, also from, will be released on Friday, October 20, 2017. The Chapter 4 release date makes it the only movie currently sitting on that post-New Year’s date. Half to Death will open against the Gerard Butler sci-fi thriller Geostorm, the Idris Elba romance The Mountain Between Us, and the Greg Kinnear drama Same Kind of Different as Me. The creative minds behind the hit Insidious trilogy return for Insidious: Chapter 4. Find great deals for Insidious: Chapter 3 (DVD, 2015). Shop with confidence on eBay! In the supernatural thriller, which welcomes back franchise standout Lin Shaye as Dr. Elise Rainier, the brilliant parapsychologist faces her most fearsome and personal haunting yet: in her own family home. The film is written by co-creator Leigh Whannell ( Saw), who wrote the trilogy and directed Chapter 3; produced by Insidious regulars Jason Blum ( The Purge series, Get Out), Oren Peli ( Paranormal Activity) and co-creator James Wan ( The Conjuring, Furious 7); and directed by series newcomer Adam Robitel ( The Taking of Deborah Logan). Steven Schneider, Brian Kavanaugh-Jones, Charles Layton, Bailey Conway Anglewicz, Couper Samuelson and Whannell serve as executive producers. Sony Pictures Worldwide Acquisitions is financing Insidious: Chapter 4, and domestic distribution will be handled by Universal Pictures. Sony will handle international distribution. Blumhouse ( Split, Get Out, Paranormal Activity series) produces an original and inventive rewinding thriller in Half to Death, in which a college student (Jessica Rothe, La La Land) relives the day of her murder with both its unexceptional details and terrifying end until she discovers her killer’s identity. Half to Death is directed by Christopher Landon ( Paranormal Activity: The Marked Ones). Lost Soul / Inmate (uncredited) Produced. Associate producer. Producer (produced by). Executive producer (as Bailey Conway Anglewicz). Executive producer. Executive producer. Co-producer / line producer. Producer (produced by). Executive producer. Executive producer. Producer (produced by). Executive producer. Production executive Music. (music by) Cinematography. Director of photography Film Editing. (edited by) Casting By Production Design by Art Direction by Set Decoration by Costume Design by Makeup Department. Special makeup effects artist. Hair stylist. Makeup department head. Makeup co-department head. Makeup artist. Hair stylist. Special makeup effects artist. Additional spfx makeup artist. Special makeup effects artist. Special makeup effects artist. Contact lens technician (as Bob Smithson) Production Management. Production supervisor. Unit production manager. Post-production supervisor Second Unit Director or Assistant Director. Second second assistant director. First assistant director. Dga trainee (as Mindy McKoin). First assistant director: additional photography. Second assistant director Art Department. Concepts artist. On set dresser. Art consultant. Assistant property master. Art department coordinator. Storyboard artist. General foreman. Stand-by painter. Prop master: reshoots. Art department assistant. Paint foreman. Scenic artist. Property master. Construction coordinator. Concept artist. Sound Department. Foley assistant. Foley artist. Boom operator. Dialogue editor. Re-recording mixer / sound designer. 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Key Video Assist. First assistant camera: A camera. Second assistant camera: a camera Casting Department. Adr voice casting. Adr voice casting. Extras casting. Casting assistant. Casting associate. Extras casting Costume and Wardrobe Department. Set costumer. Set costumer. Costume ager. Wardrobe supervisor. Costumer Editorial Department. Nextlab operator. Post-production coordinator. Post-production assistant. Post-production assistant. First assistant editor. Digital intermediate conform. Senior digital colorist Location Management. Supervising location manager. Key assistant location manager. Key assistant location manager: additional photography. Key assistant location manager. Key assistant location manager Music Department. Music supervisor. Orchestrator Transportation Department. Picture car driver. Transportation captain. Transportation coordinator Other crew. Voice over actor. Completion guarantor: Film Finances. Promotional services. Stand-in: Lin Shaye. Production accountant. Production assistant. Set production assistant. Production assistant (as Joseph Edwards). Studio teacher. Script supervisor. Production assistant. Script supervisor: additional photography. Production secretary. Manager of production finance. Payroll accountant: additional photography. Production coordinator. Head of business affairs. Script supervisor. Manager: physical production. Concept designer. 1st assistant accountant: additional photography / accounting clerk. Payroll: accountant. Development Executive. Layout board (uncredited) Thanks. Special thanks. 2/15/2018 0 Comments Acts Of Violence (2018)Acts of Violence is my latest review. Its story involves three ex-military bros attempting to rescue one their fiancees from being kidnapped and/or embroiled in a human trafficking ring. “Violence” takes a small cue from the film Four Brothers while giving star Bruce Willis a cliched, cop character name (Detective James Avery). Oh and its movie title may have resulted from execs throwing their hands up and surrendering their creative sheen during production meetings. Now “Violence” at eighty-six relentless minutes, really earns its label. This is a brutal, sickening, and wrongful, bullet-laden flick that may make you avoid its urban setting for years to come (in case you are wondering, I’m unhappily talking about Cleveland, OH). In truth and utmost confidence, I can’t recommend Acts of Violence unless I was forced to at gunpoint (no pun intended). Director Brett Donowho lacks a sense of humanity, a sense of tact, and a sense of being morally inhibited. With “Violence”, you get slipshod editing, forceful standoffs masquerading as logic, and actors Willis and Mike Epps unknowingly damaging their reputations in the process (Bruce has been doing this for years so it may not matter). Acts of Violence also has plenty of action sequences while not taking its time to tell a deepening story. Everything is bogged down as the pic is drenched in blood, guts, and “above the law” positions. Acts Of Violence 2018, movie Acts of Violence 2017 When his fiancee is kidnapped by human traffickers, Roman (Ashton Holmes) and his ex-military brothers set to out. Acts of Violence, When his fiancee is kidnapped by human traffickers, Roman (Ashton Holmes) and his ex-military brothers set out to track her down and save her befor. More Acts Of Violence (2018) videos. Director: Brett Donowho Year: 2018 Rated R Rating: * 1/2 Stars Cast: Bruce Willis, Cole Hauser, Shawn Ashmore Acts of Violence is my latest review. Its story involves. Watch Acts Of Violence (2018) full free from putlocker. Watch Acts Of Violence (2018) full movie online putlocker. Stream Acts Of Violence (2018) online free. Donowho really needs to check himself for he fails to commercialize bad cop corruption and revenge platitude the way David Ayer did in 2008’s Street Kings. In retrospect, “Violence” was narrowly released in theaters and for good reason. It has a wink wink lack of empathy and miscues pertaining to the unsystematic plot threads possessed. No audience member would subject to how unnecessary and how uncouth The Act of Violence’s torturous, mind sadism is. Rating: 1 and a half stars. Rating: 1.5 out of 4 stars Check out other reviews on my blog. Welcome on MovieSnackx.com, the website for all your movie info and reviews. On our you can find more than 3.800 movies. Do not hesitate to send us your reviews of any movies you’ve been watching! If you miss a movie on our website to write your review, request it and we will add it for you. Do you have no idea what movie to watch? Check out our, or take a look at the! 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